Musharraf overthrew the democratically elected government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in a military coup, which was widely criticized.
Musharraf was accused of suppressing the independence of the judiciary and removing Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry from office in 2007.
Musharraf was criticized for launching the Kargil Conflict in 1999, a military conflict between Pakistan and India over the disputed region of Kashmir, Resulting heavy casualties on both sides.
Musharraf was widely criticized for his role in the U.S.-led War on Terror, which led to the killing of thousands of civilians and widespread human rights abuses in Pakistan.
Facing charges in connection to the 2007 assassination of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto.
In 2007, Musharraf declared a state of emergency, suspended the constitution, and arrested opposition leaders, which was widely criticized.
Musharraf was criticized for his role in human rights abuses, including extrajudicial killings, forced disappearances, and torture, during his presidency.
In 2015, Pervez Musharraf began a self-imposed exile in Dubai, where he lived until his passing in 2023 at the age of 79, following a long bout of illness.